Reported Speech Quiz for English Learners

Dr. Miller s Heart Of Darkness - 1936 Words

Since the publication of Heart of Darkness, it has been the center of a great deal of controversy that revolves around its depiction of the natives of the continent of Africa at the height of European Imperialism. J. Miller argues that we must first read Heart of Darkness if we are to decide whether or not we should read Heart of Darkness. He also believes that Conrad himself is not racist, but rather he is ironically portraying the prevailing thought in Europe at the time of the novel. Chinua Achebe, however, argues that we do not know if Conrad is being ironically racist or not, but nevertheless his racism is present and is perpetuating the ignorant view that African society is inherently more primitive than that of Europe. This thought has rationalized the Imperialism in Africa and the world for centuries, which makes the novel inherently problematic, especially through his portrayal of African characters in the novella. According to Miller’s criticism, it is up to us wheth er or not we should read Heart of Darkness, but to decide that, we must first read it. He also insists that Conrad himself is not recounting his own experiences in Africa and his own views on what the African people are like, but rather he is sharing with us what has been brought to his attention. As such, we should look at Heart of Darkness from an unbiased perspective and take it as a literary work of art that is an expression of the view of the narrators of the story who do not necessarily holdShow MoreRelatedProphet Muhammad (Saw) the Ideal Character of Human Being !2095 Words   |  9 Pagespersons of the world believes Muhammad (pbuh) as the last messenger of Allah (pbuh) and millions of others are continuing to bear testimony to this fact. He was the one who brought has billions of people from darkness of ignorance to light. He brought peace and set of ideals to countless hearts and lives. He is the inspiration for countless people over the globe. Even today Muhammad (pbuh) motivates and induces whole masses to strive to shape their lives according to his teachings. Indeed never beforeRead MoreThe Bell Jar2368 Words   |  10 Pagesthe hospital. Even though Esther’s condition seems stable at this point, she is aware that her depression could return at any time. Critic’s reviews regarding the novel offer various points of view and ideas pertaining to The Bell Jar. Critic Diane S. Bond writes of society’s stereotypes of women, and how this was a main factor in Esther’s madness. She explains how instead of being her own person, Esther conforms to the role that is culturally engrained in society, in other words she does what sheRead MoreExegetical Paper Ephesians 6:10-204646 Words   |  19 PagesLIBERTY UNIVERSITY EXEGETICAL PAPER EPHESIANS 6:10-20 A PAPER SUBMITTED TO DR. 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(1575)The Contradictions Of Profunc An Analysis Of The

(1575)The Contradictions of PROFUNC: An Analysis of the Problem of Human Rights and the Democratic Process in Cold War Canada In this political study the problem of human rights and the democratic process will be analyzed in the anti-communist contradictions of the covert Canadian operation called PROFUNC (PROminent FUNCtionaries of the communist party. PROFUNC defines a major problem with the democratic process by secretly monitoring and spying on communist party affiliates living in Canada in the aftermath of WWII. This Cold War policy not only sought to monitor communist, but it also sought to intern them in the potential WWWIII scenario with the Soviet Union. This type of policy defines a form of authoritarian type of governance that†¦show more content†¦It was a secret plan of the Canadian government to round up and imprison Canadian citizens who were communists or affiliated with communism. This plan, in hindsight, an indication of the extremes the Canadian government was willing to go through in its fight against communism (Chisholm 77). This type of secretive government program certainly defines the contradictions of a so-called democratic country, which has continually propagandized the idea of equal rights and the right of individuals to have different political ideas. The role of the RCMP actually presents a type of â€Å"police state† mentality that projects a threat to democracy as a part of human rights violations committed by the Canadian government during this time. The Cold Ear ideology of â€Å"capitalism versus communism† certainly created a hyper-reactionary dualism in Canadian politics, which viewed anyone who supported communism as an enemy of the state. PROFUNC certainly defines a concerted effort by government officials and the RCMP to monitor Canadian communists with the future potential of having them imprisoned during a time of war with the Soviet Union. Another problem with the PROFUNC program was that it was being used for monitoring and surveillance of worker’s unions and other anti-capitalist groups that did not directly support the Soviet communist ideology. Initially, the PROFUNC program was being utilized to stop the

Disease of Parkinson-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about Parkinsons Disease. Answer: Introduction Parkinsons disease is a movement disorder, associated with degeneration of neurons in the Central Nervous System In this case study, John Magill, a 75 year old male has been admitted to the hospital following a fall at home. He has been diagnosed with Parkinsons disease and suffering from the same for the past five years that caused generalized tremors and diminished mobility. Upon admission, he complained of hip and back pain. An X-ray analysis revealed no fractures in lower limbs. However, sustained generalized bruising was observed in hips and buttocks alongside skin tear in right hip. Johns vital parameters were found to be within normal range with the exception of respiratory rate that might have escalated due to suddenness of the situation following fall. The normal breathing rate for a person falls within the range of 14-20 that deviated for John (Wallin, 2013). A thorough analysis of his medical records reveals that he is under medications for the chronic ailment condition. F urther acquisition of his social information represented that he is dependent on his wife who takes care of him and she herself is survived with multiple myeloma like disease condition. Moreover he is also found to be a non-smoker and on raer occasions indulge in drinking alcohol. Causes of Parkinsons disease A combination of neurological, genetic and environmental factors is responsible for manifestation of the disease. A neurotransmitter dopamine is present in the corpus striatum and substantia nigra regions of the basal ganglia. It produces controlled movements. Loss of motor activity in the disease occurs due to loss of dopamine producing cells from the substantia nigra. This reduces the amounts fo dopamine. The reduction in the levels of the neurotransmitter hinders effective communication between the two regions of the basal ganglia (Benazzouz et al., 2014). This leads to movement impairment. Some genetic mutations are also associated with prevalence of the disease. Several research studies have provided evidence for the association of mutations in the PINK1, parkin, DJ-1 and LRRK2 genes with Parkinsons disease (Sanders et al., 2014). Certain environmental factors like exposure to pesticides and toxins also predispose a person to the disease. Risk factors related to health condition Several risk factors have been distinctly linked with the onset of Parkinsons disease. Some of them are heredity, age, toxin exposure and sex. Prevalence of the disease in a close relative increases the likelihood of getting affected with the condition. The disease rarely develops in young adults. It is more common ion advanced age beyond 60 years. The disease conditions worsen as the age progresses (Reeve, Simcox Turnbull, 2014). Research has shown that men are more likely to get affected with the disease than females. Furthermore, prolonged exposure to pesticides, herbicides and other toxins may also increase the risk of the disease. Clinical manifestations of health condition Parkinsons disease is a progressive neurological degeneration, the symptoms of which worsen as the disease advances. Tremor in hands is common manifestation of the disease with additional symptoms related to stiffness, slow movement and loss of balance. Tremors in limbs, hands or due to postural difficulties might occur. Cognitive impairments might occur, depicted through difficulty in understanding, thinking, amnesia and dementia like condition. Till date no specific diagnostic examination has been put forth to detect the disease. However, neurological examinations are routinely performed to detect the disease. In case a person exhibits any two of the symptoms associated with rigidity, tremor and bradykinesia or slow and retarded movement, the presence of Parkinsonism is usually confirmed (Adler Beach, 2016). Physical assessment of health condition Physical assessment studies confirm that the essential feature of Parkinsonism is display of tremor at rest. Muscular stiffness in combination with contraction lead to rigidity in the muscles. Other diagnostic symptoms are body fatigue, sleep disturbances, speech impairment and masked facial expression. Certain sensory disturbances like depression or anxiety related mood disorders and urine inconsistency may also occur. The handwriting of the affected person gets changed (Micrographia). Other related symptoms encompass swallowing difficulty, constipation, weight loss and falls (that lead to injury). Some physical examinations also reveal the presence of oily skin and postural hypotension in patients. (Lee Koh,2015). Medical management of health condition Treatment concerning Parkinsonism is often related to relieving the signs and symptoms of the disease rather than focusing on eliminating the chief causes. It may be achieved in the following three ways: Pharmacological: Restoration of supply of dopamine neurotransmitter to the brain is promoted through administration of certain medications that include drugs like Levodopa, Benzhexol (Artnae), Selegiline (Eldepryl) and others. Following prolonged application of the drug, potency of the drug might be decreased and side effects might occur that may be reverted on withdrawing the medicine for some time and restarting the drug regime at later hour (Agndez et al., 2013). Non-pharmacological: Non-drug therapies are significant in providing treatment. These interventions include educating and counselling the caregivers and the patients. Information is generally provided on drugs like riswperidone, metoclopramide and prochlorperazine, which should be avoided owing to their dopamine blocking activity. Physiotherapy and physical training programs are promoted among patients to increase their fitness, gait, posture and wellbeing (Bloem, de Vries Ebersbach, 2015). Surgical: Deep brain stimulation approach is directed to stimulate through delivery of specific current and cause destruction of the brain tissues that are responsible for generating abnormal functions through placement of electrodes in areas such as thalamus or subthalamic nuclei or globus pallidus (Szlufik et al., 2016). Another novel technique include the introduction of human foetal dopamine cell transplants in the basal ganglia region to induce the production of viable dopamine producing cells to the brain (Hallett et al., 2015). More recently repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) therapy is utilized to apply the magnetic field strength for stimulating the nerve cells in the brain for the purpose of improving the symptoms of the disease (Flamez et al., 2016) Nursing Care Plan Nursing Diagnosis Goal Intervention Rationale Evaluation Impaired speech with soft voice that causes the slurring of speech making it incoherent and difficult to understand Improved response for better communication and expression of thoughts Introduction of speech improvement exercises Customized speech therapy program in consultation with the speech therapist through referral Analysis of the efficiency of treatment on speech impairment progression through examination of text reading, syllable repetition, phonation and monologs (Rusz et al., 2013). Improvement in voice quality, pitch, variability and articulation was observed after 2 years of the therapy. Restricted mobility due to tremors Improved mobility Educating the patient to maintain erect posture with feet separated and arms swinging Observation of simple stretching and strengthening exercises such as walking, performing aerobic exercise and swimming Conscious efforts to maintain normal gait minimize the chance of loss of balance and fall Complications and adversities such as pain and loss of coordination due to Parkinsonism may be curtailed following exercise regime (Rafferty et al., 2017) Slight but significant improvement in mobility is noticed within 1 week Discharge Plan A proper discharge plan for John will cater to addressing the essential needs pertinent to his condition. Management and effective operation of the activities of daily living must be ensured through proper education and cascading of information to the patient as well as his caregiver at home. John must be made aware of the precautions he needs to take to prevent further fall accidents. He must be taught to adhere to the prescribed medications and conform to proper diet to maintain his health and wellbeing. A written chart may be provided to him mentioning the schedule of taking the medicines for ease of understanding. It is also imperative to keep the home environment proper so that hazards and risks may be avoided largely. Small renovations should be made to assist the patients. Such changes include removal of any potential obstacles form the room that can lead to a fall, having nonslip mats in bathrooms, installing more lights in the house and building railings along the walls to h elp the patient maintain balance (Canning et al., 2015). Expert opinion and customized recommendations from concerned experts related to maintenance of mobility, diet and speech may be sought from physical therapist, dietician and speech therapist respectively. Conclusion Parkinsons disease is referred to as a debilitating neuro-degenerative disease that exacerbates with progressive age. Tremors in the limbs are the commonest detectable symptoms of the disease although the root cause has not yet been unraveled. Restricted mobility significantly thwarts daily activities of the patient thereby posing challenges to his quality of life. Therefore, conduct of proper nursing diagnosis to drive necessary interventions is imperative to offer prudent treatment options for the concerned patient. Moreover, comprehensive discharge plan might render benefits by suggesting strict compliance to prescribed medications, conforming to personal care, safety and seeking intervention from allied healthcare experts that in turn will aid in holistic improvement of the patient. References Adler, C. H., Beach, T. G. (2016). Neuropathological basis of nonmotor manifestations of Parkinson's disease.Movement Disorders,31(8), 1114-1119. Agndez, J. A., Garca-Martn, E., Alonso-Navarro, H., Jimnez-Jimnez, F. J. (2013). Anti-Parkinson's disease drugs and pharmacogenetic considerations.Expert opinion on drug metabolism toxicology,9(7), 859-874. Benazzouz, A., Mamad, O., Abedi, P., Bouali-Benazzouz, R., Chetrit, J. (2014). Involvement of dopamine loss in extrastriatal basal ganglia nuclei in the pathophysiology of Parkinsons disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience,6. Bloem, B. R., de Vries, N. M., Ebersbach, G. (2015). Nonpharmacological treatments for patients with Parkinson's disease.Movement Disorders,30(11), 1504-1520. Canning, C. G., Sherrington, C., Lord, S. R., Close, J. C., Heritier, S., Heller, G. Z., ... O'Rourke, S. D. (2015). Exercise for falls prevention in Parkinson disease A randomized controlled trial.Neurology,84(3), 304-312. Flamez, A., Cordenier, A., De Raedt, S., Michiels, V., Smetcoren, S., Van Merhaegen-Wieleman, A., ... Baeken, C. (2016). Bilateral low frequency rTMS of the primary motor cortex may not be a suitable treatment for levodopa-induced dyskinesias in late stage Parkinson's disease.Parkinsonism related disorders,22, 62-67. Hallett, P. J., Deleidi, M., Astradsson, A., Smith, G. A., Cooper, O., Osborn, T. M., ... Schumacher, J. M. (2015). Successful function of autologous iPSC-derived dopamine neurons following transplantation in a non-human primate model of Parkinsons disease.Cell stem cell,16(3), 269-274. Lee, H. M., Koh, S. B. (2015). Many faces of Parkinsons disease: non-motor symptoms of Parkinsons disease.Journal of movement disorders,8(2), 92. Rafferty, M. R., Schmidt, P. N., Luo, S. T., Li, K., Marras, C., Davis, T. L., ... Simuni, T. (2017). Regular exercise, quality of life, and mobility in Parkinsons disease: a longitudinal analysis of national parkinson foundation quality improvement initiative data.Journal of Parkinson's disease,7(1), 193-202. Reeve, A., Simcox, E., Turnbull, D. (2014). Ageing and Parkinson's disease: why is advancing age the biggest risk factor?.Ageing research reviews,14, 19-30. Rusz, J., ?mejla, R., R?Ã… ¾i?kov, H., Klemp?, J., Majerov, V., Picmausov, J., ... R?Ã… ¾i?ka, E. (2013). Evaluation of speech impairment in early stages of Parkinsons disease: a prospective study with the role of pharmacotherapy.Journal of Neural Transmission,120(2), 319-329. Sanders, L. H., Laganire, J., Cooper, O., Mak, S. K., Vu, B. J., Huang, Y. A., ... Langston, J. W. (2014). LRRK2 mutations cause mitochondrial DNA damage in iPSC-derived neural cells from Parkinson's disease patients: reversal by gene correction.Neurobiology of disease,62, 381-386. Szlufik, S., Szumilas, M., Dutkiewicz, J., Koziorowski, D., Mandat, T., Slubowska, E. (2016). The impact of STN DBS on kinetic tremor in Parkinsons disease patients.Parkinsonism Related Disorders,22, e109-e110. Takizawa, C., Gemmell, E., Kenworthy, J., Speyer, R. (2016). A systematic review of the prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in stroke, Parkinsons disease, Alzheimers disease, head injury, and pneumonia.Dysphagia,31(3), 434-441. Wallin, B. G. (2013). Intraneural recordings of normal and abnormal sympathetic activity in humans.Autonomic Failure: A Textbook of Clinical Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System, 323-331.

Global Information Systems (GIS)

According to Deans Karwan (1994, p. 26), a global information system is an information system that is specially designed to collect and process information that is related to a specific field. The system also integrates, evaluates and communicates the processed knowledge.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Global Information Systems (GIS) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, Oxford University Press further defines, â€Å"global marketing is marketing on a worldwide scale reconciling or taking commercial advantage of global operational differences, similarities and opportunities in order to meet global objectives.† As to the objective of this paper, it will show the importance and advantages of a GIS strategy that will propel a local industry player hoping to achieve results, attain and sustain the local tourism company in a profitable operation while catering to the local market demand. Understandin g of GIS A GIS supports any application that requires the processed knowledge. The modern technology advancement has led to the development of data management systems that are in a position to support enormous information reliably. GIS has led to standardization of data communication. GIS has a profound impact on travel agencies and organizations. A GIS is relevant for communication of knowledge and relevant tourist destinations throughout the world. The main components of a global information system that lead to fast data communication to the organization are software tools that can capture and store data in bulk such as a guided data storage software (Deans Karwan, 1994, p. 38). A GIS encompasses many levels of analysis including international policy analysis, international enterprise of an organization, groups or team and the overlay of technology. Global information systems development was motivated by increased international business and trade activities especially since the 1 980s. The GIS was also developed following a revolution of information technology in the U.S. according to Oz (2008, p. 180), the culture of development implementation and utilization of information technologies. A GIS is able to relay different kinds of information to different people throughout the world. Due to advanced technology, information is an important ingredient to firms and most organizations utilize information as a competitive advantage. The internet enabled sharing of information and reduction of business costs. A travel agency that needs to increase its profitability should make information a competitive advantage and use a Global information system to communicate on the relevant tourism sites (Oz, 2008, p. 335).Advertising Looking for essay on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The modern world requires that organizations use modern technology with information as a competitive advantage. The exc hange of information through the internet reduces the operating cost of the firm. The firm can communicate and exchange information through the internet. In addition, the internet can be used for e-commerce and e-business. The tourism organization can utilize these technological options to increase its operations online and boost its market share after determination of international tourist destinations. In addition, the use of a GIS by the company can lead to increased market share. Key Categories of a GIS There are several categories of a global information system. The different categories of a GIS system are the country, choices, concentration, culture, consumption, capacity, currency and channels. Others are Commitment, communication, contracts and caveat. Country A country is an important category in global information systems because it forms the environment for the operation of an organization. Information on the country in which the organization operates is relevant to the o rganization because it provides the relevant information regarding the existing business opportunities in the country and the possibility of their exploitation. For instance, GIS information availability in the local country is able to target and identify a best tourism destination such as China, thru its GIS ability to take into account the economy outlook, business trend and general market trend of the current preferred destination of a local/ global consumer. If the GIS points towards China, it should provide information on tourist sites in China such as the physical features (e.g. the Great Wall of China) and other developed tourism destination attractions in the targeted tourism destination country. These features are important opportunities that can be exploited by the travel company. A country category of the GIS is usually structured around SLEPT factors. The information contained in the database is obtained through visits and reports, press cutting, other international orga nizations operating in OECD countries and other intelligent market sources such as trade associations’ reports.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Global Information Systems (GIS) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The database on the country is therefore vital for effective performance of the travel agency in the country. For example, based on the economy and business outlook, be it for leisure or business, due to economic/business interest or with the sudden development of targeted tourism destination which in this case based on current GIS info which can be China. Local travel agency will be able to identify current consumer trend from both the business and leisure sectors, which currently China is ranked as one of the top choices for either business or leisure tourism destination. These factual evidence which can easily retrieved thru GIS and local survey, helps local travel company cuts down on unnecessar y operational RD costs by focusing a niche market with well planned out operational support and attractive tourism itinerary for either market sectors. Choices All travel agencies would like to find out other travel destinations in the world and explore the best destination for its market penetration and cater to its targeted consumer demands. The consumers in the different markets have different tastes and preferences and therefore consume different products. A global information system has a database on the different tastes and preferences and consumption trends in different countries in the world. For example, a business consumer sector would view a targeted country destination based on the targeted country destination of choice based on general economy outlook and investment opportunities in preferred country. Whereas for the leisure consumer market, it is largely based on the general market trend as to where is the preferred destination based on various factors such as current most fashionable city, current top tourism spots, current most value for money destination etc. In addition, a GIS category of choices provides the variety of products and services that the travel agency can provide to its clients. For instance, some consumers are interested in religious or historical sites, wildlife, natural scenery and unique physical features such as the Great Wall of China, which is one of the top ten wonders of the world. Using primary research, choices of products and services preferred by consumers are revealed. Other substitutes are also of importance to the sale of the company products and services in different markets (IRMA Khosrowpour, 2001, p. 161). Concentration Market concentration is the extent to which firms take up the market share. A market with many firms as opposed to a group of small firms with small market shares indicate a high concentration while a market that has few firms with less market share indicates lack of concentration (saturation) respectively.Advertising Looking for essay on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Information on market concentration is important for any organization because it helps the organization determines the strategies to increase the market share and or venture into other potential markets (IRMA Khosrowpour, 2001). A GIS is an important system because it can provide important information regarding the different market concentrations of different travel markets in the world. The information revealed in the GIS on market concentration in the operating country and can help the travel agency segment the market and locate its offices. Market concentration on other international market will help the company make decisions on whether to venture into the market or not. Where the company decides to venture into the market, it will have enough knowledge on market segmentation and location of its subsidiaries (IRMA Khosrowpour, 2001, p. 870). The travel agency can access information on contained in the GIS system in the local on Chinese tourism industry concentration. The Chine se tourism industry is still growing there is some degree of concentration. The gaps in the tourism industry in China concentrations are receding as concentration in the industry increases rapidly. Areas of high levels of concentration include areas such as Tianjin, Pearl River and Yangtze River deltas. Other information on concentration provided by the GIS includes the market players such as Beijing Capital Tourism co. Ltd, China CYTS Tours Holding co. Ltd, Huangshan Tourism Development Co. Ltd among others (Eng, 2008). Using this information as provided by the GIS, the firm would be able to segment the market and strategize on competing effectively with its competitors. Culture Culture is an important aspect of the society and the market. Culture comprises of beliefs systems of people, language, religion and their value system. Cultural elements the behavior of people hence differences in consumption habits and trends. Language as an element of culture determines the interaction b etween the company, suppliers and its clients in different markets. Information on different languages, religions in China provided by a GIS system such as Yaho, Hui, Manchu, Miao and Dong among others is important to the organization because it will help the company to hire the right people to coordinate company activities in the Chinese Tourism industry (Kuper, 2000, p. 57). It is important that during the development of a GIS, a database on the culture of the Chinese people be established. Using the information in the system, the travel company should review the impact of different cultures found in China on the performance of the firm. The performance of the different products and services of the company in different the Chinese market should be reviewed with respect to the culture in the market. This is because culture influences consumption tastes and preferences of consumers. China has a rich culture comprising of Chinese medicine, festivals, kungfu among many others. These C hinese cultural aspects affect tourism consumption in China. The travel agency should utilize this information on cultural diversity of China from a GIS to strategize on venturing in the country. Culture does not only apply to a given market. It can also be applied to the organization. For effective performance of the travel agency, the travel agency should develop a good organizational culture that involves high communication and teamwork (Kuper, 2000, p. 69) Consumption Consumption is the act of purchasing a given good or service and using it as per your needs. Through consumption, a company can obtain revenue while the consumer can obtain satisfaction through utility. All consumers are rational consumers and they make rational consumption decisions. Consumption decisions are influenced by many factors including the levels of income, price, price of substitutes and compliments and specific needs of the consumers (Deans Karwan, 1994, p. 287). A GIS provide all details on consumpti on. A GIS system will track the changes in the consumption in different countries. The trends in tourism consumption in China as revealed by the system China are of importance to the travel agency could enable the company manage its inventory and distribution channels effectively. The statistics on consumption for different consumers of the travel services and products located in china is relevant to the travel company in deciding the products and prices to offer when venturing into China. For instance, increasing tourism trends in China as indicated by a GIS will help the company in forecasting future sales in the market (Research and markets, 2004). Capacity The information on the clients of the travel agency is vital for decisions on the transactions between the company and the clients. The information also influences the value and type of services to be offered. A GIS provides the detailed address and location of customers. As the company prepares to venture into China as a tour ist destination, a GIS will provide details of the location and addresses of clients in addition to their credit rating. This is important to the travel agency especially in determining the credit worthiness of clients and the types of contracts and terms and conditions of the contracts to be entered into. In addition, the system provides the credit rating of the customer hence the ability to rate the credit worthiness of the client. The credit worthiness of the customer is important in determining the terms and conditions to be contracted by the company with the client (Oz, 2008, p. 144). Currency Currency is useful as a medium of exchange for the travel company. Different countries have different currencies that have different values. A global travel agency that is interested in knowing different tourism destinations in the world is also interested in the currencies of the destinations. The different exchange rates are of importance to the travel agency because it determines the p rices to be offered in different for the different company products and services. A GIS will provide the exchange rates of the Yuan and the USD to the company so that the firm can constantly review its invoices for tourists touring China as a destination for tourism (Oz, 2008, p. 82). Channels Channels are well included in a supply chain. An integrated supply chain that utilizes the latest technology should incorporate the company, its suppliers and consumers. Media channels and distribution channels need constant review to ensure that the most appropriate channels are used. In addition, the firm should utilize the most cost effective channel. Information concerning the available communication, advertising and transaction channels is provided by a global information system. The system contains the channels for different markets and countries. The travel agency can regularly review its channels to fit into the Chinese market that it intends to venture after obtaining information on t he Chinese market from the GIS. Commitment For realization of the management goals and profit maximization, a GIS must indicate the commitment of the organization meeting the consumer needs. The system should cover all markets in China and provide statistics of the market regardless of whether the company operates in the market actively or whether China is a possible venture in future. By committing itself to venture into China, the firm should be committed through ways such as contracts with Chine firms and other tourist supporting organization such as the those in hospitality industry. Communication According to Deans Karwan (1994, p. 358), information is an important factor in the modern business environment. A global information system should ensure effective communication with every person consulting it for any kind of information. The system should collect and contain information and statistics regarding the development and the impact of communication systems globally. Howeve r, the company should take necessary care to secure its company details to avoid stealing its vital strategy information by its competitors. As the company prepares to venture into China as a travel destination, it should utilize information on the GIS concerning China’s tourist destinations to communicate to its clients using the internet. This is necessary for more clients and profit. However, the information communicated should be safeguarded from competitors. Contracts Technology has led to increased international business. However, different countries and organizations involved in international business are subjected to different legal and political environments that influence their transactions. A GIS should provide different legal requirements for transacting business in different countries to the travel agency. These legal requirements are vital for transactions and contract by the travel company in the respective countries. The availability of legal requirements conc erning transactions by the company in different countries will necessitate e-commerce and e-business for the company in the markets. For instance, e-commerce contracts in China are governed by e-commerce legal regulations such as rules and regulations on information service of internet, regulation on telecom management and telecom services standards that can be provided by a GIS. Through such online transactions, the company can reduce transaction costs and increase its profits (Xia, n.d, p. 4). Caveat According to IRMA Khosrowpour (2001, p. 1016), not all markets are safe to operate in. some countries are not safe and conducting business in such countries could result to a loss to the company. A caveat that is provided by a GIS system provides information on all market in all countries. Through such information, the travel company can realize safe and dangerous markets to trade in. the system will therefore provide danger signals regarding and giving the company either a go-ahead or a restrain from such markets. Warning signals are important in enabling the company avoiding dangerous contracts and loses. For instance, a GIS could provide a caveat on China’s inflation despite being a good tourist destination. Conclusion The information systems that are used by organizations in the modern world have changed leading to organization to use modern information systems to create competitive advantage. The information systems used by many organization use different approaches and methodologies. A GIS is important for the travel agency because it will provide the necessary information regarding the destinations in other countries in the world. The system will enhance communication and the way the company does business online. Statistics on the viability of markets in other countries is also of great importance because the company can use the trends in business in other markets to venture into the countries. The warning signals from the system will help the com pany avoid dangerous markets, countries and contracts. References Deans, C. Karwan, K. (1994) Global Information Systems and Technology: Focus on the Organization and its Functional Areas. Hershey, PA: IDEA Group. Inc. (IGI). Eng, (2008) The development of China’s Tourism Industry Cluster Analysis, Web. IRMA, Khosrowpour, M. (2001) Managing Information Technology in a Global Economy. Hershey, PA: IDEA Group. Inc. (IGI). Kuper, A. (2000) Culture: the Anthropologists’ account. Massachusetts, MA: Harvard University Press. Oz, E. (2008) Management Information Systems. 6th Edition. Florence, KY: Cengage Learning. Research and markets, (2004) China Tourism industry, Retrieved from: https://www.researchandmarkets.com/ This essay on Global Information Systems (GIS) was written and submitted by user RoxanneSimpson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

tennessee williams essays

tennessee williams essays Tennessee Williams was a brilliant but disturbed author who led a very controversial life. He was a man of many complexities. His life was plagued by family problems, promiscuous sex, hypochondria, and frequent drug use. This essay will detail Tennessee Williams life from his childhood to his death. Tennessee Williams was born on March 26, 1911 in Columbus, Mississippi. Born Thomas Lanier Williams, he had one older sister and one younger brother. He spent much of his childhoods in the home of his Episcopal minister grandfather. Toms father was a traveling shoe salesman who spent much of his time away from the family. Tom spent much of his time reading and was usually sick. Tom soon left for college. He went to the University of Missouri. This is where he got his nickname of Tennessee. He dropped out before receiving his degree because of financial problems. In 1938, he returned to school at the University of Iowa and received his degree. While in college, Tennessee worked many odd jobs. One of these was working at the same company his father did Tennessees dad was an irregular presence in his childhood. He was a constant source of pain though. Tom loved to write as a child and because of this his father called him many names. One nickname his father had for him was Miss Nancy. For this, Tennessee hated his father for many years but later forgave him. Tennessees brother was also not in his life a lot. Later in Tennessees life, he disowned his brother for taking him to the hospital when he was overdosing on drugs. Tennessees sister was named Rose. She was a major part of his life. Even from a young age she was sensitive; most of the time she was moody and withdrawn. Just when Tennessees work was becoming popular, Rose was institutionalized. One minute she would be angry and the next she would be weeping. Roses health started to rapidly decline. Her outbursts got wilde...

Ethical Energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Ethical Energy - Essay Example In that, non-renewable resources are against the rights approach, the justice theory and the obligations to future generations approach used in environmental ethics. Renewable resources, on the other hand, present a clean alternative for energy production. Though the land required may be large, such land is available to the state of Belina. The high costs per unit are justified by the low social cost per unit. Therefore, it is recommended that Belina take up a combination of the wind power and biomass energy bids to supply the needs of its population. Renewable resources are energy sources that come from the natural environment (Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development, 1997). The other options to energy sources include use of fossil fuels and nuclear energy. Fossil fuels are finite, expensive to extract, and cause air, water and soil pollution, and produce greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. Renewable resources are cleaner alternatives to the problems of pollution and the social inequality that the pollution creates. These resources are also renewable – therefore, they will never run out (West, 2008). Some people are of the view that the connection between economic growth and environmental deterioration is inevitable. Hesburgh (1992) recognizes that the connection between human energy needs and environmental deterioration is as old as human civilization. As man used wood for shelter and warmth, it caused harm to the environment. However, Hesburgh (1992) also explains that the ‘primitive societies were so small and fragile in comparison with the forces of nature with which they contended that their impacts were minimal’. Ausubel (2007) argues that renewable resources for the production of energy may be renewable but they are not green and they are almost as destructive or more destructive for the environment than the non-renewable sources of energy.